Statistical Aspects of the Quantum Supremacy Demonstration

In quantum computing, a demonstration of supremacy (or advantage) consists presenting task, possibly no practical value, whose computation is feasible on device, but cannot be performed by classical computers in any amount time. The notable claim presented Google’s team 2019 demonstrating the ability circuit to generate, albeit with considerable noise, bitstrings from distribution that considered hard simulate computers. Very recently, 2020, was group University Science and Technology China, using different technology generating distribution, sharing some statistical principles demonstration. Verifying generated data indeed claimed assessing circuit’s noise level its fidelity undertaking. objective this paper explain relations between computing aspects involved terms are accessible statisticians, computer scientists, mathematicians. Starting modeling analysis demonstration, which we explain, study various estimators fidelity, approaches testing distributions computer. We propose models, discuss their implications. A preliminary Google data, focusing mostly circuits 12 14 qubits given parts paper.